[Application scope and technical characteristics]
YHD3-1500 mud pulse MWD consists of exploration-proof laptop, real-time survey tool and trajectory control software. Real-time survey data can be recorded displayed and storage during drilling process.
With real-time drilling data, portable data tools, and more, YHD3-1500 mud pulse MWD boosts operator success and overall efficiency. It allows drillers to drill more footage faster, while ensuring the hole is always on plan. Trajectory control software allows the driller to see exactly where the borehole is compared to the borehole plan, with specified tolerances, allowing for accurate borehole placement. Down-hole real time survey tool is powered by the laptop instead of down-hole battery, which will reduce operation cost and increase its service life. Additional gamma sensor can be deployed if necessary (additional fees will be added), which can help drillers to stay in-seam and reduce the number of sidetracks drilled, saving time and money.
The device can be used for both sliding directional drilling, composite directional drilling and rotary drilling, as well as for re-measurement of drilling trajectories. It is mainly applicable to borehole construction such as coal mine gas drainage drilling, water damage prevention borehole, advanced exploration borehole, hidden disaster exploration geological factor exploration borehole, etc. It can also be applied to drilling construction such as ground exploration hole and horizontal branch well of coal bed methane exploitation.
Compared with the existing mining while drilling measuring device, the device has the following technical features:
(1)The mud pulse wireless signal transmission mode is adopted, and the signal transmission channel is clear water or mud in the drill pipe column. Signal intensity is large, the signal attenuation is small, the signal transmission distance is increased, and the maximum transmission distance of the actual drilling is 3353 m.
(2)It can be used with all kinds of cableless drill pipes. It does not require MECCA drill pipe, which improves the strength of drill pipe for directional drilling.
(3)The pulse generator is only 76mm in diameter, and it can generate stable pulse signal under small displacement (≤90 L/min), which can meet the measurement requirements of drilling trajectory under small coal mine small displacement and small aperture.
(4)The measuring probe driving short section adopts the explosion-proof cavity design, which can meet the requirements of the use of the underground explosive gas environment.
(5)Use intermittent operation mode to increase battery life. The state of the mud pump is detected by the flow switch in the measuring probe to control the state of the pump, and the inclination angle and the tool surface data are measured. When the pump is turned on, the inclination angle, the azimuth angle and the dynamic tool surface data are sent, and the transmission is stopped.
Main technical parameters of the device
| Measurement performance |
Project |
Measuring range |
Allowable error |
| Inclination |
-90°~+90° |
±0.2° |
| Azimuth |
0°~360° |
±1.5° |
| Tool facing angle |
0°~360° |
±1.5° |
| Transmission distance |
The actual drilling distance is 1566m (2015 Sihe Mine Application) |
| Supporting drill pipe |
Can be used with a variety of cableless drill pipes, no special central cable drill pipe |
| Signal transmission form |
Mud pulse wireless signal transmission |
| Adapt to mud displacement |
≥90 L/min |
| Mud signal strength |
≥0.1 MPa |
| Probe pressure |
≥12 MPa |
| Probe operating voltage |
Powered by a rechargeable battery cartridge, which measures a short section operating voltage of 7.2V and drives a short section operating voltage of 15.6V. |
| Computer monitor |
12″ high resolution color LCD display |
| Computer human-computer interaction |
Keyboard |
| Memory capacity |
4G |
| Memory transfer rate |
1.5Mbps |
[Device composition]
YHD3-1500 mining mud pulse while drilling measuring device from YHD2-1000J mine explosion-proof and intrinsically safe computer (hereinafter referred to as explosion-proof computer), YHD2-1000P mine intrinsically safe keyboard (hereinafter referred to as explosion-proof keyboard), YHD2-1000C data storage (hereinafter referred to as explosion-proof data storage), GPD60 (A) mine intrinsically safe pressure transmitter (hereinafter referred to as pressure transmitter) and YHD3-1500T mine explosion-proof and intrinsically safe mud pulse while drilling measuring device the tube (hereinafter referred to as the probe) is composed. As shown in the Figure. The computer and the probe are explosion-proof and intrinsically safe equipment, and the rest are intrinsically safe equipment, and have passed the explosion-proof performance test of the corresponding institutions in the industry.
1.Explosion-proof computer
Explosion-proof computers include both hardware and software. The hardware part adopts a color liquid crystal display with a resolution of not less than C/M 1GHz processor, a resolution of not less than 1024×768, a memory card of not less than 1 G, and a 60G hard disk; the software is pre-installed with Windows XP operating device software.
The explosion-proof computer is powered by the underground power supply. The power supply voltage is 127V AC, the input apparent power is not more than 50VA, and the frequency is 50Hz. An external RS232 interface and two USB bus ports are provided to the outside, and the internal system control board is used to supply constant voltage to the explosion-proof measuring probe in the hole, send operation commands and receive measurement signals. It has many advantages such as high reliability, low interference, easy to use and maintain, and can complete all functions of industrial control microcomputer in explosive gas environment.
2.Explosion-proof keyboard
The device uses an explosion-proof keyboard to realize human-computer interaction. The explosion-proof keyboard is a wired keyboard, including two parts of a button area and a touch pad, and has functions of button information output, cursor touch movement, and the like. The keyboard uses no more than 150mA current, the peak-to-peak voltage is 3V~10V, the average transmission rate is 1.5Mbps, and the maximum transmission distance is no more than 2m. The explosion-proof keyboard is connected to the explosion-proof computer through the USB bus port in a wired manner, and can be placed on a suitable platform within 2 meters from the mine explosion-proof and intrinsically safe computer.
3.Explosion-proof data storage
The explosion-proof data storage consists of an explosion-proof enclosure and a memory card sealed in it. It is connected to a computer via a 5-pin aviation plug for data import or export to the computer. The memory card size is 4G and the average transfer rate is 1.5Mbps. The explosion-proof data memory is shown in Figure 1.
Figure 1. The explosion-proof data memory physical map
4.Probe
The probe tube is composed of a measuring short section, a charging battery barrel, a driving short section and a pulse generator, wherein the measuring short section, the charging battery barrel and the driving short section are screwed to form an instrument string. After the instrument string is loaded into the non-magnetic outer tube, the outer tube of the instrument is screwed with the positioning handle and the pulse generator, and the probe tube is fixed and fixed in the non-magnetic outer tube. The probe housing and bracket are all processed with non-magnetic copper or beryllium copper, which can withstand the pressure and erosion of 12MPa when used underground without any magnetic interference. All electrical parts are sealed with a sealant, which increases the reliability and also acts as a shock absorber.
(1) Measuring short section
The measuring short section is the core component of the probe tube, which mainly completes the measurement and coding of the drilling trajectory, and can detect the flow condition in the drill pipe in real time to judge whether the mud pump is opened, thereby controlling the measurement short section to collect and transmit data, and reducing the power consumption. In fact, see Figure 2.
1-Position key 2-Flow switch 3-Shell 4-Fixed sleeve
Figure 2. Measuring the short section physical map
The measuring short section consists of two parts: the measuring module and the main control module. The measuring module consists of three accelerometers for sensitive earth gravity acceleration, three fluxgates for sensitive earth magnetic fields, a temperature sensor and related electronic circuits. And high-performance single-chip system. It can be an accelerometer to sense the component of gravity acceleration in three directions. The fluxgate can sense the component of the earth's magnetic field in three directions. When these sensors sense their input, they convert the input amount to the corresponding output voltage together with the amplifying circuit, the temperature sensor and its circuit convert the temperature into an output voltage, and the CPU samples the seven measured voltages and two references. After the voltage is digitally filtered, the parameters such as inclination, azimuth, and tool surface are calculated for the main control module to call. The main hole module includes two parts of the pump state judgment and the main control. The function of the pump state judging unit is to judge the current pump state according to whether the flow switch is turned on. The function of the main control is to follow the pre-set mode according to the pump state, and the measuring module is The transmitted skew data is encoded and passed to the driving subsection.
(2) Rechargeable battery
The rechargeable battery cartridge is responsible for supplying power to the measuring short section and the driving short section. The actual object is shown in Figure 3.
1-
Rotating joint; 2-Centralizer; 3-Shell; 4-Fixed sleeve
Figure 3. Charging battery tube picture
(3) Drive short section
The driving sub-section is used to transmit the signal of the measuring short section to the pulse generator, and the pulse generator is controlled to generate a pressure pulse, thereby realizing the mud pulse signal transmission.
1-rotating joint; 2-centralizer; 3-control section; 4-connecting barrel; 5-discharge hole; 6-pulse generator connecting sleeve
Figure 4. driving the short section physical map
(4) Pulse generator
The pulse generator is similar to the controllable gate installed inside the drill. When the valve is opened, the mud flows smoothly and the mud pressure is normal. When the valve is closed, the mud circulation is blocked and the mud pressure becomes large. During signal transmission, the pulse generator dynamically adjusts the opening and closing of the valve according to the data encoding format under the control of the driving short section, thereby converting the measured data into a mud pressure pulse change and transmitting it to the orifice.
1-No magnetic drill rod connection end; 2-pulse generator housing; 3-instrument non-magnetic outer tube connection end
Figure 5. Pulse generator picture
(5) Pressure Transmitters
The main function of the pressure transmitter is to convert the mud pressure pulse signal transmitted to the orifice into an electrical signal for the explosion-proof computer. The utility model has the advantages of high measuring precision, accurate detection, stable performance, strong anti-interference ability, reasonable structural design, convenient installation and maintenance, and a fully sealed stainless steel structure. It can meet the requirements of damp, explosion-proof, anti-corrosion, dustproof and other harsh working conditions. It is suitable for use in coal mines with coal dust and gas explosion hazard, and is used in conjunction with coal mine underground electromechanical equipment or coal mine monitoring system.
The core component of the GPD60(A) Mine Intrinsically Safe Pressure Transmitter is a diffused silicon pressure sensitive component. The principle is that ion implantation is performed on the silicon substrate and laser-corrected to form a Wheatstone bridge, and external pressure acts on the isolation diaphragm of the sensor to cause displacement of the diaphragm. It transfers the pressure to the silicon substrate through the silicone oil in the capsule, making the Wheatstone bridge four resistors. Among them, two of them have a small resistance due to stretching, and the other two have a large resistance due to compression. The change in the resistance of the bridge arm causes the bridge to lose balance, thus generating a voltage output signal proportional to the pressure. The sensor's millivolt signal is converted to an industry standard 4-20 mA signal output through an integrated amplifier circuit.
The main features are:
a) Small in size and light in weight. The pressure sensitive components use advanced OEM silicon piezoresistive pressure sensors, which greatly reduce the weight of the transmitter itself.
b) High precision and good stability. The stable and reliable silicon piezoresistive chip is temperature compensated, so that the temperature drift is within its highest accuracy range, and the long-term stability is good, thus reducing the maintenance workload.
c) The circuit is reliable and the response speed is fast. Highly reliable integrated circuit designed for 4 to 20 mA pressure transmitters.
d) Advanced diaphragm isolation technology. The advanced diaphragm/oil-filling isolation technology ensures a very good oil-filling function, which improves the ability to withstand extreme damage and increases corrosion resistance.
e) All stainless steel, all welded construction. The whole transmitter is made of stainless steel, which is resistant to vibration, shock and corrosion. It has a fully welded structure and a high degree of protection.
| Working power |
DC 12~28V |
| Measuring range |
0~60MPa |
| Comprehensive precision |
±0.5%FS |
| Output signal |
4~20mA or 0~5V or 1~5V |
| Measured medium |
Liquid or gaseous medium compatible with 316L stainless steel |
| Working temperature |
-40ºC~85ºC |
| Working environment humidity |
Not more than 95% (+25°C) |
| Enclosure rating |
Mine intrinsically safe |
(6)Non-magnetic outer tube and take over
The non-magnetic drill rod is made of non-magnetic steel, the specification is Ф76mm, and the quantity and structure size are matched with the mining mud pulse while drilling measuring device. It is mainly used to measure the outer tube of the probe tube and provide a non-magnetic interference environment for the measuring instrument to avoid the interference caused by the ordinary steel drill rod to the measurement azimuth and ensure the accurate measurement data.
[Application effect]
After the development of the mining mud pulse while drilling measuring devices, field tests were carried out in Tangjiahui Coal Mine, Jinchengsihe Mine and Chengzhuang Mine in Inner Mongolia. In these field tests, 16 boreholes were drilled, with total footage of 11920m, the maximum transmission distance of actual drilling is 1566m, and the maximum number of branch holes is up to 19. Later, it was promoted and applied in Sihe Mine, and nearly 20 kinds of boreholes such as high-diameter roof directional drilling, medium-hard coal seam and broken soft coal seam directional drilling in the coal seam area, with total footage of more than 20000 meters.
The test and application of the mining mud pulse while drilling measuring device shows that the device works stably, measures accurately and transmits reliable, and can meet the construction needs of different directional drilling types, such as gas drainage directional drilling in the coal seam, high roof gas drainage drilling, roof water drainage directional drilling and bottom grouting directional drilling. It improves the signal transmission strength and transmission distance to reduce the dependence on the wireline drill rod and enhances the drill rod strength of directional drilling to lower the cost of directional drilling equipment. Meanwhile, it can be combined with the composite directional drilling technology to improve the directional drilling depth, drilling efficiency and drilling safety, and also can meet the drilling needs of more than 1500m directional drilling.
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